Circumvallate placenta is a kind of extrachorial placenta characterized by an elevated, annular placental border. The placenta distributes oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the developing child. An aberrant placenta, such as a circumvallate placenta, might adversely affect the growing baby.
A “circumvallate placenta” is the medical term for the condition that occurs when the fetal membranes of the placenta, also known as the amnion and chorion, fold backward along the boundaries of the organ. A circumvallate placenta may be seen on an ultrasound screen sometimes. Sometimes the diagnosis won’t come until after the baby is born. The effects of a circumvallate placenta on pregnancy and delivery are explained, along with its symptoms and treatment methods.
Causes:
There does not seem to be anything a pregnant woman can do to prevent having a circumvallate placenta, and medical specialists have not identified why this issue arises in pregnant women. It is estimated that about 1% to 2% of all pregnancies will be affected by this illness, making it an exceedingly uncommon occurrence overall.
Predicament symptoms:
Having a circumvallate placenta doesn’t automatically mean you’ll have problems while pregnant. A doctor may be able to tell whether a pregnant woman has a circumvallate placenta based on specific symptoms. Among these symptoms may be:
Preemptive amniocular labor:
Preemptive amniocular labor happens when the amniotic sac ruptures before work commencement and affects up to 8% of pregnancies. Medical professionals call it preterm PROM whenever a rupture occurs before 37 weeks of pregnancy. It is unclear what causes PROM. However, there are several potential risk factors. On the other hand, a circumvallate placenta may be present if PROM is accompanied by vaginal bleeding in the second trimester. The physician will do more tests to find out.
Pregnancy growth restriction:
A fetus’s rate of development may be slowed in a mother with a circumvallate placenta. A doctor will likely prescribe tests to determine what’s wrong if a baby isn’t growing generally during checks.
Worsening danger:
Circumvallate placenta to an increased risk of low birth weight and other problems, while other studies have shown no such link. However, in some instances, this issue might cause pregnancy loss. It is crucial to get regular medical checkups and treatment to reduce the likelihood of consequences. Doctors can’t do much about a circumvallate placenta, but they can assist in minimizing the risks to mom and baby.
What kind of effects does it have on the unborn child?
Doctors have linked a circumvallate placenta to many complications. Women who gave birth with a circumvallate placenta were more likely to have the following difficulties:
- Sixty-four percent of the women gave birth prematurely.
- Placental abruption is a life-threatening condition in which the placenta abruptly separates from the uterine wall.
- Women, at a rate of 10.9%, had a placental abruption.
- Increased risk of neonatal mortality; 8.9% of instances resulted in the death of a newborn.
Control groups for circumvallate placenta:
Control groups consisted of females with no circumvallate placenta but were otherwise equivalent to study participants. There was no statistically significant difference in the rates of low birth weight, premature delivery, placental abruption, or any other adverse outcomes among the 268 matched cases. Women with a circumvallate placenta benefit significantly from the standard obstetric treatment that the study’s authors highlighted.
Is circummarginate placenta common?
The conventional structure of the placenta can, on occasion, take on some odd forms, such as the circummarginate variety. One instance is when the placenta wraps itself around the developing fetus. Chorionic membranes penetrate inward from the border of the placental edge, much like in a circumvallate placenta; however, the placental edge is not thickened and coiled up, and there is no central depression seen in this type of placenta.
Diagnosis of the circumvallate placenta:
It might be challenging to detect a placenta forming in a circulatory pattern throughout pregnancy. After birth, doctors often examine the placenta to make a diagnosis. But a woman usually undergoes many ultrasounds throughout pregnancy so that a doctor may catch the problem during one of those scans. It is possible that a doctor would suggest measures to assist the risk of low birth weight and placental abruption if a circumvallate placenta is diagnosed before delivery.
Treatment of circumvallate placenta:
Even though a circumvallate placenta cannot be cured, difficulties caused by it may be mitigated or even treated. The lower birth weight of the infant is one of the significant concerns with a circumvallate placenta. A physician may suggest further ultrasound tests for growth to keep an eye on things. The doctor could suggest an early birth if the fetus isn’t developing typically. Most pregnancies end in a vaginal birth, but a cesarean surgery may be necessary if the baby is having difficulty.
Oligohydramnios:
In order to keep an eye on this situation, we need to check in more often. A procedure termed amnioinfusion may be used to restore the fluid level in the amniotic sac. Despite the need for more study, this medication shows promise in reducing the risk of birth complications such as undeveloped lungs and cord compression. Even if it is decided that delivery is essential, the benefits of inducing labor must be weighed against the hazards of continuing to keep the baby in the womb in every situation.
Premature birth:
If you enter labor before your due date, your physician may advise you to stay in bed and relax, or they may decide to admit you to the hospital for observation. To make your contractions more manageable and put an end to the labor process, you can get an intravenous infusion of various medications and fluids.
Conclusion:
A placenta with a circulating pattern is abnormal. As a result, the placental membranes retract, and the placenta becomes more compact. Preterm birth, placental abruption, and the need for a cesarean section because of difficulties are all raised. There is no way to cure a circumvallate placenta, and physicians don’t notice the condition until after the baby is born. However, preventative measures may be taken if they can be identified before birth.
FAQs:
What sort of attention do you provide daily?
The placenta is irreparable after delivery. Instead, the difficulties of a circumvallate placenta are what is treated. The following are some treatments your doctor may suggest for addressing issues associated with a circumvallate placenta.
What is the circumvallate placenta?
A placenta that develops in a circular pattern is called a “circumvallate placenta.” The exact reason is unknown, but it has nothing to do with your actions or inactions. Circumvallate placentas can’t be stopped. Rest and nutrition may prevent intrauterine growth limitation.
Is there anything that can be done, or is there signs?
No symptoms or indications of a problem are present with a circumvallate placenta. The fetus may get inadequate oxygen and nutrients due to this disease. There’s a chance this may slow down your baby’s development.